Barthe Theory...

Roland Barthe was a french literary theorist who suggested that narrative works with five different codes which activate the reader to make sense of it. Also used denotation and connotation to analyse images.
The codes are:

• Action-Narrative device by which a resolution is produced through action e.g. a shoot out, dance off etc.
• Enigma- A narrative device that teases the audience by presenting a puzzle or riddle to be solved. It works to delay the stories ending pleasurably.
• Symbolic-Connotation.
• Semic/Semiotic-Denotation.
• Cultural-A narrative device which the audience can recognise as being part of a culture e.g. a male man in a gangster film is part of the mafia culture.